How to Plant Coastal Grass in Texas. Separate the sprigs in the planting bed by 9 square feet. 2. Giant Bermudagrass grows tall enough to cut for hay, even on low fertility soils. All grasses with dead grass cover survived minimum 1991-1992 temperatures ranging from 29 o to 3 o F. Warm-season grasses like Bermuda, Zoysia, and St. California Central Valley Pollinator & Beneficial Insect Seed Mix. A good rule of thumb is to wait at least two months after the last frost before planting. Maintaining an established pasture is easier than you think. Cheyenne. 67 7. Nature's Seed is a top seller of North America’s best grass seed for lawn, pasture and wildflower seed solutions. Bahia grass. BERMUDAGRASS, GIANT (50 pounds) HARDY PERENNIAL WARM SEASON GRASS. tb1234. This is not a good time of year to plant grass seed, except rye or fescue. When winter comes, deer are looking for high protein counts, and yo. The following seed combinations were seeded in at the seeding rates recommended by the seed supplier: Plot 1: control, no seeds. Silver Ponyfoot can create a dense, low-growing mat in your garden. +. Sunday: Closed Monday: 7:00 am - 5:00 pmprotein. Annual grasses and weeds in Coastal bermudagrass: Roundup UltraMax (glyphosate) Monsanto: 1 – 2. dactylon (L. Unit: Bulk Pound PLS Pound. 0; not recommended on soils with pH > 7. Texas; Utah; Vermont; Virginia; Washington; West Virginia; Wisconsin; Wyoming. Drought resistance: Low to medium. ; Apply the grass seed using a spreader like the Scotts®Elite Spreader then gently rake the grass seed into the soil. At a Yuma Arizona trial, measurements showed an average of 30 inches in height compared to 14-16 inches for common on same type soils. 3. Jasik Hay Farms, LLC is a wholesale supplier of coastal and alfalfa hay. 2000. Like East Texas, the western portion of the state includes that. Soil testing is vital in helping define all physical, chemical, and biological health. The percentage of each line in the blend may vary from year to year, depending on seed availabil-ity and cost. of seed? Bulk discounts automatically applied at checkout! Total Weight. Several types of grass grow in Texas. Qty. $59. Kleingrass is a perennial, warm-season, introduced species. When caring for your warm-season lawn, keep the following five facts in mind to get the best results. grasses growing region. Unfortunately, bahiagrass forage is less digestible than 'Coastal' bermudagrass of the same age (maturity). SEED MIX MAP To view a custom seed mix for your area, first select the region that your property is located in. Most grassburs are easily recognized in the mature stage of growth when the “bur” seed heads become apparent. For shaded lawns in subtropical areas like Texas, I suggest these three grass types: St. Pennington Smart Seed Bermudagrass Seed and Fertilizer Mix germinates and establishes faster than Bermudagrass alone. It has proven in tests to produce between 30 to 40 percent more forage per year. 3 million. First, bermuda grass is a warm season grass that does well in both heat and drought conditions. Explore our website to learn about the various varieties of turfgrasses including St. Ordering more than 250 lbs. Standard Hours. This common grass can grow to be 8 feet tall and is a very familiar plant to most people in Texas. With low-maintenance grasses, your lawn can stay green without weekly mowings and waterings. Bermuda grass (Cynodon spp. Giant Bermuda NK-37 grass is a warm season, introduced, perennial grass used primarily for grazing and hay production. Date Posted 7/21/2023. 64 pounds), of pure, live seed. Giant Bermudagrass grows tall enough to cut for hay, even on low fertility soils. maxima and switchgrass. St. Bermuda and St. Coastal Bermuda Alternative (Giant Bermuda). It can grow 15 to 24 inches tall. When done, rake any bare areas to cover the seeds with a thin layer of soil. Before laying down the sod, make sure the. Reviews (0) Cowboy Bermudagrass was developed out of a breeding program that began in 2002. That's on top of exceptional heat, drought and traffic tolerance that Bermuda is known for. It can tolerate some shade, but for proper growth and blooming, the grass requires at least six hours of sunlight (or more) each day. Augustine: This is the most drought-tolerant type, but it prefers dappled sunlight. 00. You know it because it is the most frequently used grass on golf courses. In Arizona forage trials Giant Bermuda has shown an average of 30 inches in hight. Show details. Choose a flat, sunny spot (or plan carefully for shade). bermudagrass-growing region. Cultivate soil to at least 8 inches, then incorporate . Average depth for seedbed preparation can be between 2 inches to 4 inches deep. The sharp, spiny burs are a seed pod that canfor nearly 60 years with the introduction of ‘Coastal’ in 1943. 5. Selecting an Appropriate Bermudagrass Variety for Pastures. (North Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina and the northern regions of Mississippi, Alabama and Georgia) this date would be October 1-15. Use one bale per 1,000 square feet for warm-season grasses and one to two bales for cool-season grasses. Ryegrass Photo Credit: Dr Mary Gillham Archive Project / Flickr / CC BY 2. It has the same erect and giant growth and vigorous spreading habits associated with Coastal. Milkweed, hemp dogbane, Canada thistle and others are very aggressive perennials that can be difficult to control in grass hay or pasture systems. 2. You can buy 1 pound of buffalo grass seed for about $50. There is also an invasion of the low meadows or swales in the east side. Bermuda grass is a warm-season perennial grass that grows. Establishing a new bermudagrass pasture may cost in excess of $100 per acre considering the price of fertilizer, lime, seedbed preparation, sprigs (or seed), and planting. Coastal Bermuda does NOT produce viable seed and has to be sprigged (vegetative variety). Be sure to cut off the seed heads before they shatter when they turn brown, or you will have this grass popping up everywhere! This ornamental grass looks good in a garden and grows about 2 to 2. As low as $289. Lawn grasses vary in the amount of sunlight they need to stay healthy. History of coastal prairie in Texas 3. Our Certified Turfgrass Professionals are also happy to answer your questions at 770. There is one major difference in that Coastal Bermuda does not seed, but the Giant variety does (Often also called NK37 Giant). Forage grasses are subdivided into to cool-season and warm-season grasses. Texas Tough was developed for its drought tolerance, insect resistance, high forage and hay yields. Big Bluestem is tolerant of a wide range of soils and moistures. Plant 15 to 20 lbs of inoculated seed of Dixie or other reseeding variety after rain in late fall. Once the seed germinates, though, it establishes itself in the soil quickly. Economic values for grasses were based on hay yields or grazing values at $120 per animal unit per year, which will vary with annual rainfall and beef prices. Read More. Bermuda Grass. The loss of quail is not restricted to these two regions, but is occurring across the. Biology. This online course will enable land managers to select and restore the best grasses for their goals. ) Pers. Augustine Grass for Low Maintenance in Southern Texas. are the perennial ryegrasses. After 5 to 7 days when the seeds start to. However, there are also a few other zones that are unique to parts of the state, including: Great Plains (North Texas) Southwest Steppe (Southwest Texas) Southern Subtropics (Southeast Texas) Texas Tough is a mixture of Giant, Common and turf type Bermudagrass seed. 1. The percentage of each line in the blend may vary from year to year, depending on seed availabil-ity and cost. 00 BERMUDAGRASS, TEXAS TOUGH + (10 pounds) NUMBER ONE SEEDED FORAGE BERMUDAGRASS IN AMERICA! Developed by East Texas Seed Company,. The overall ideal time to plant seeds or plugs is late spring when temperatures are starting to reach 80F on average, but there is still a decent amount of rainfall. Numerous hybrids and cultivars have been developed, including some that tolerate cooler conditions. bag) – Scotts Turf Builder Bermudagrass (10-lb. Common dry matter yields are generally about 1/3 lower than Coastal with the forage nutritive value and forage quality being about the same. 1. Resilient Grasses for Seaside Gardens. texensis) Texas mountain laurel (Sophora secundiflora) Wild petunia (Ruellia nudiflora) Mimosa tree (Albizia julibrissin) Eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis) Yucca plant (Yucca spp. Buffalo grass. Be sure to check the variety of zoysiagrass you are considering. The ideal time to lay Bermuda grass sod is when temperatures have already begun to cool significantly in mid to late fall. For a new lawn, they combine well with Kentucky bluegrass. Chip Taylor, founder of Monarch Watch, points out that Tropical milkweed is the plant on which Monarch butterflies evolved. See moreTexas Tough is a mixture of Giant, Common and turf type Bermudagrass seed. Prairie restoration, seed harvesting and storage 7. In Stock. ft. This economical seashore paspalum blend is well-suited for low maintenance turf areas including landscaping, erosion control, infrastructure, and more. This seed mix has been formulated based on field trials and monitoring conducted by the Xerces Society and other conservation partners. For packet, ounce, quantity discount pricing & more info. Giant Bermuda Grass Seed (Hulled Raw)- (Cynodon dactylon) - Giant Bermuda grass is similar in appearance and nutrition to coastal Bermuda grass. 1) Little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) Little bluestem is ideal for nesting and roosting habitats and provides valuable food to small mammals and birds thanks to its seeds. Lawnifi Paspalum Seed. In general, warm-season grasses need more sunlight than cool-season grasses, but different species have different tolerances for shade or low-light conditions. This publication discusses the proper management of winter annual pastures, including soil testing, grazing management, planting temperature, and cultivar. The Weed Control Timing Chart. GroundWork 25 lb. A pound covers about 330 square feet. 125 inch. Asterisks indicate representative crops for the Group. That’s when Neiman, living in the Dallas suburb of Flower Mound, had his native grass epiphany. Once planted, this warm season grass rapidly grows and aggressively fills in bare spots. Bermudagrass origin is likely Africa though other regions offer evidence of origin. . most popular cool-season grass (with over 800,000 acres in Texas) because it is easy to establish. Smart Seed Sun and Shade South 7 lb. 8 and 6. Kentucky 31 Tall Fescue: Kentucky 31, known in the seed industry as KY-31 or K-31, helped tall fescue grasses transition from livestock pasture grasses to lush, durable, manicured lawns. Some management considerations are. To learn more about our zoysia grass varieties, visit our website. Lawnifi TM Santee Centipede Seed’s individual. For West Coast lawns with sun and shade, Pennington. If some of your lawn receives sun and other parts receive moderate shade, Pennington Smart Seed Sun and Shade offers the perfect mixture for Southern conditions. FAQ on Bermuda Grass Seed. Lateral buds develop at the nodes to produce erect or ascending stems that reach 5 to 40 cm (rarely over 90 cm) in height. MikeC Well-known member. This variety has blue-green foliage, flowers and stems and tolerates a variety of soil types. After the weeds turn brown, broadcast the bermudagrass seed at 5 to 10 lbs/acre and pack again to press the seed into the soil surface. Rainfall is also important in Texas for successful grass planting. • Next 3 weeks: water every other day. When exploring the Gulf Coast, you will typically encounter 3 kinds of plants that propagate (spread) towards the sea: the Sea Oat, Panic Grass and Saltmeadow Cordgrass. Growtrax Biodegradable Grass Seed Mat - 50 SQFT Bermuda Rye - Grass Seed and Fertilizer for Lawns, Dog Patches & Shade - Just Roll, Water & Grow - No Fake or Artificial Grass. Each grass is illustrated by line drawing and carefully described, with. Palmetto® St. 85 per square foot. It is a single variety and not a bermudagrass blend, so it will not revert to common bermuda or change over time. 5 pts. With coastal bermudagrass, Klein, and buffelgrass as the pivotal grasses in South Texas, the use of temporary pastures has included small grains, millets, and various types of sudan and haygrazers. Excellent haying qualities with twice the height of common bermudagrass on the same type of soil. Since Bermuda grass is a warm-season seed, the best time to plant is in the late spring or early summer. ft. Winter annual pastures in South and Southwest Texas provide high-quality forage for cattle, sheep, and goats when native and Bermuda grass pastures are dormant. • First 10 days: keep moist. 99. It has light to moderate shade tolerance but will be fine in full sun. 9 to 1. Our Products. 1 pound (0. Carpetgrass can be established from seed or sprigs. Antman92. Easy Care Children's, Wildflower Seed. Apply only on Texas Gulf Coast and Blackland areas. Grasses - flowering monocotyledonous plants that grow from an embryo containing only one seed leaf and having leaves with parallel veins. Stolons of bermudagrass readily root at the nodes. 73 Per Pound. It alters habitat for the endangered Attwater's prairie chicken. It is a single variety and not a bermudagrass blend, so it will not revert to common bermuda or change over time. 2. Augustine was released by the Florida and Texas Agricultural Experiment Stations in 1972 as a St. TexTurf is a top performing Bermuda for drought tolerance according to recent studies. Type:. 5 inches of living compost with low nitrogen and low phosphorus into the top 3 inches. Coastal Bermudagrass Hay, Large Bales East Texas Extension District - 5 Developed by Vanessa Olson, Extension Forage Specialist; and, Jason Banta, Extension Beef Cattle Specialist, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service. Best Time to Plant Grass Seed in Texas. Excellent haying qualities with twice the height of common bermudagrass on the same. Our efforts are focused on identifying those prairie remnant sites, collecting seed for evaluation, and ultimately releasing locally tested seed for commercialization. Mix 1 pound (0. Plant it in full sun to partial shade in dry to moist soils. Plot 5: Red Clover and Orchard Grass. of seeds) How to Choose the Best Grass in San Antonio Heavy-Traffic vs. Soil: Texas has a diverse range of soils, including clay, sandy, loamy, and rocky soil. Bermudagrass is an aggressive, long lived, warm-season perennial sod forming grass that can become 8 to 24 inches tall depending on variety. As low as $32. It is a bunchgrass, which germinates quickly and is often found in seed mixtures with Kentucky bluegrass. Tiflawn – This variety, specially developed for lawns, has a perfect medium green color and medium wide leaf texture. sold, Palmetto is the ideal choice for residential use. The different types of bermuda grass, in general, are hybrid bermuda grass and common bermuda grass. It is impractical for Texas sod producers to produce a great number of varieties of a single grass species, so they try to provide good quality varieties of the most im-proved grasses. Multiple Options Available. $75 Off! 1,000-1,499 lbs. The seeds need water to germinate. A study of grass seed selection among pen-raised C. The best warm-season drought-tolerant grasses in south Texas include Bermuda, buffalo, St. Our focal areas include developing commercially available, locally adapted native seed sources for all areas of Texas, conducting applied restoration research to develop practical restoration methods, and. Smooth cordgrass belongs to the grass family (Poaceae) and is a perennial wetland grass that dominates tidal salt marshes of the south. Sea holly (Eryngium x zabellii ‘Blue Waves’) (Image credit: Alamy) A popular choice for the best coastal plants, the striking silver foliage and architectural blooms of sea holly, with its prickly cone-like heads, will add texture to your garden borders. 99. West Texas is equally diverse, with zones from 6b to 9a or -5 to 25 degrees Fahrenheit. They want gorgeous grass that produces lots of seed, but it's hard to get both, says Stacy Bonos, a turfgrass breeder at Rutgers University, where 50,000 crossbred plots are under review. Fields planted to plants such as coastal bermudagrass, old world bluestem Kleingrass, or. Grass species found in Northcentral Texas may be classified as annual or perennial and cool season or warm season. The Easy Care Children's is a low maintenance mixture that is a blend of easy to grow, annual wildflowers especially well-suited for children. Jasik Hay Farms, LLC is a wholesale supplier of coastal and alfalfa hay. Lawn grasses vary in the amount of sunlight they need. St. Cattle prefer this grass, so it decreases with heavy grazing. There are many ways to prepare land for pasture planting, but the commonly used steps shown in this photo are plow, disk, roll, and drill. 1. 4:08p, 10/29/10. Once the existing pasture/forage issues have been corrected, the sprayer has been calibrated, and the herbicide has been selected based on weed identification and forage grown, the grower must determine what time of year to apply the herbicide. 5. It can be grown in most of Texas, although it may beFig. Zoysiagrass. Provides cover, nesting sites, and seeds for a variety of bird species. Plant bermuda grass at least 90 days before the first frost. Do not apply a pre-emergence weed control any time within. ” Jiggs: This variety is a private release of a Bermuda grass found growing along the Texas Gulf Coast. Hancock's Hulled Common Bermuda Grass is a low-maintenance option f. Fast to germinate. Cheyenne II is an exclusive, certified hybrid variety of seeded bermudagrass developed through a cooperative relationship between Seeds West, Inc. Augustine are the two most commonly found shade-tolerant. Blooms occur along one side of the seed stalk and are bright red in color. The grass tolerates a wide range of soil types and soil pH values, thus it is adapted to most of the southern US. Used most often in the southern areas around the Gulf of Mexico and sections of mid California south, St. Coastal is the most widely planted bermudagrass in Texas. Apply only on Texas Gulf Coast and Blackland areas. Read more on planting procedure and land prep for Coastal Bermuda. Coastal NC has a humid subtropical climate with hot summers and mild winters, so grasses that can tolerate both heat and humidity are ideal. Red Fescue is a cool season grass that thrives in the Pacific Northwest due to its deep root system and ability to survive in moist and well-drained soil. Also, Italian ryegrass will have an awn on the tips of the seeds. Seed Ranch > Lawn & Turf Grass Seeds > Bermuda Grass Seed > Bermuda Grass Seed Coated & Hulled - 50 Lbs. of lawn. Fescue is a coastal grass that does best in sandy soil and can be planted for a winter lawn in eastern Texas or in yards further north that have been amended with sand as necessary. However, you can plant this grass in the shade as long as it obtains 6 hours of sunlight exposure at a minimum. Product Details. One of our favorite Texas seed suppliers, Native American Seed, has developed such a mixture that they call ‘Thunder Turf’. Leaf blades are 4-15 mm wide, and the margins. Bermuda grass is a warm-season perennial grass that grows well in Texas. Parent Description. Coastal TX, ETX Coastal Prairies Native Seed Project Priority Collection List Scientific name Plant functional group. Selecting Bermudagrass forage variety is the first right step toward a productive pasture. Product Information. Seed production is summarized in Table 20. 94 reviews. Get 5 bushels per acre for planting in late winter or early spring. Or fastest delivery Oct 17 - 18. Unfortunately, low seed production and seed quality of these hybrids has discour-aged seed companies to the point that currently there is no certified Nueces or Llano buffelgrass seed produced. Augustine grass. Cheyenne II provides high yields, outstanding. It is also known for its fast growth and ability to recover quickly from damage. Multiple uses of coastal prairie 4. Augustine is the most sold patented turfgrass in the world with more than two billion sq. The cost of St Augustine grass also depends on where you shop and whether you’re buying grass sod or plugs. The field had originally been planted to Callie, a variety very susceptible to winter-kill. 5 kg. A short-grass prairie native, it reaches a mature height at 4 to 6 inches. 4. Fast shipping & bulk orders available. It does well in South Texas and the Coastal Bend area. Bermuda grass is a common choice for Texas homeowners due to its high heat tolerance and ability to withstand drought conditions. Although it can grow in a wide range of coastal-plain soils, Water. According to The Southern Living Garden Book, it is "not well adapted to Florida or the Gulf Coast. It is popular for lawns and recreational areas in the state of Texas. Michael’s family has been in the grass business since 1981, and our grass sod comes from the family farm in Bay City Texas. The right grass for cattle grazing in Texas is one that is native and does not require much care. Seed stores and garden centers typi-cally carry only a few varieties of each species from a single supplier. These include sunlight, good soil and a regular water supply. Apply fertilizer and soil amendment at the test's recommended rates. Do not graze dairy animals on treated areas within 7 days after treatment. Bermuda grass provides excellent ha. Grasses are one of Texas' most valuable natural resources. This is a cool-season grass seed that thrives in places like Washington state. bermudagrass-growing region. Once sod roots establish, it's ready for normal lawn traffic, including entertaining, play and pets. Scotts Turf Builder Centipede Grass Seed and Mulch . Bentgrass - cool-season, USDA zones lower 4 to 6, plant in spring or fall (fall is best) Bermudagrass - warm-season, USDA zones 7 to 10, plant March through August. Choose the Best Seed. 2,902. View. The grass is drought tolerant, which comes in handy in certain regions of Texas. If it looks bare or scalped, reset it to the previous height. Moisten seed with syrup to hold inoculum. You can choose from these for your lawn, hay, or even golf course use. It is a major turf and forage species for Australia, Africa, India, South America, and the southern regions. Do not graze dairy animals on treated areas within 7 days after treatment. Adapted to: Southern portions of USA. After the weeds turn brown, broadcast the bermudagrass seed at 5 to 10 lbs/acre and pack again to press the seed into the soil surface. Oats are a cool-season annual forage crop and are typically. Here are the 5 best grass seeds for Texas: 1. Best performance is in full sun on well-drained soils. Planting a low-growing variety of thyme can be an excellent alternative to grass. A soil pH below 7 is considered acidic while a soil pH above 7 is considered alkaline. No claims are made to the accuracy of the data or to the stability of the data to a particular use. Rainfall is also important in Texas for successful grass planting. Solargreen Texas Bluegrass Grass Seed – 25 Lb. TexTurf 10 Bermuda grass was developed by the Texas Agricultural experiment station as a medium-textured, dark green variety that is more wear resistant than Common Bermuda grass and is relatively free of seed heads. This is a hardy and low-maintenance warm-season grass that can tolerate drought. It’s the #1 selling patented turfgrass for a reason and its characteristics and qualities make it an ideal option for South Texas conditions. Intx Inoculant / Seed Coating; Lespedeza; Millet; Native/Other Grasses; Oats; Peas; Rye (Cereal) Ryegrass; Seed Spreaders; Sorghum X Sudangrass; Sorghums; Soybeans; Specialty Seeds; Turnips/Brassica; Vetch; Wheat; Wildflowers; Wildlife / Fall; Wildlife / Spring; Cart Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) is a warm-season perennial forage that forms the basis of most forage systems throughout the southeastern United States. Augustine and Turfco Bermuda Grass. For example, a one-pound bag of Bermuda grass seed might contain the following information: purity = 85%, germination = 75%. Description. Remember - turfgrass generates a cooling effect. protein. Product Details. Within the zoomed region select your county. Native American Seed is committed to large-scale conservancy harvest on Texas last great prairie remnants. Out of Stock. Southeastern states to the Texas Gulf Coast (USDA. 75-lb Bag. The plant gives rise to an open flowering head with rounded seeds. Plot2: Perennial Ryegrass and Trefoil. Augustine is the #1 selling patented turfgrass in the world for a reason, and its qualities are perfect for South Texas conditions. Do not apply when grass is in boot to milk stage if grass seed production is desired. Bermuda grass can withstand heavy use during its growing season from spring to early fall, spreading both by. This price is for a 3lb bag (covers approx 3,000 sq ft). Tifton 85. Bahiagrass - warm-season, USDA zones 7 to 11, plant in spring/summer. $150 Off! 1,500-2,000 lbs. Restoration often means starting over from. Seeding is often easier and less expensive. Thunder Turf creates a low. In order to enjoy successful grass establishment and all the benefits seeding offers, follow these eight steps to grow a lush, inviting green lawn: Choose the Right Time of Year. Pennington. Texas Tough was developed for its drought tolerance, insect resistance, high forage and hay yields. The DFW area was sweltering through an historic heatwave with 69 days that exceeded 100 degrees. Keep your Texas lawn looking lush year-round with the right grass type – discover your best options including Zoysia, Buffalograss, Centipedegrass, and St. Overseeding cool-season forages on warm-season grass sods (bermudagrass,. Run the weighted roller over the sprigs to press them firmly into the soil. Texas residents may well fall in love with buffalo grass. At Overton, Texas, Tifton 85 has remained green longer into the season than Coastal. Parent Description. We focus our efforts in growing Floratam St. 99. There are several key ingredients to basic pasture management: soil, fertilizer, weed control, and rotation. This grass seed establishes quickly even on compacted soil to repair bare spots. Sow seed, rake and press. Bermudagrass ( C. Bermuda can grow in soils with a pH between 5. 5 kg. Buffalograss. A 5-pound bag of fine fescue grass seed mix costs approximately $50, and it will cover 1,000 square feet. And God bless. Best Grass Seed for Texas State. St. Average planting dates for fall vegetables in various growing regions of Texas. Blue stem, bulrush, Eastern gamagrass, switchgrass and yellow indiangrass are a few grass varieties that populate the gulf coastal prairie. Piney Woods; Oak Woods and Prairies; Blackland Prairie; Gulf Coast Prairies and Marshes; Coastal Sand Plain; South Texas Brush Country; Edwards. USDA NRCS East Texas Plant Material Center . Texas. #13. Breckenridge, Texas 76424 Phone: 254-559-2065 Contact Us. Mixtures of these grasses should be planted at rates according to the percentage of each grass in the mixture. The 5 Types of Grass in Texas. $155. Its high protein content makes it a great choice for grazing and for use as a hay.